• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Ecological or natural caterpillar, constituted by a system of utilization and elimination of a raw material formed by alperujos, alpeorujos, alpechines and grape skins, through the use of larvated biomass of insects. It comprises a cycle that after a reception and storage stage (2), performs a digestive treatment using larval biomass, obtaining a natural fertilizer as waste and larvae. The process is carried out in a building (1) or industrial warehouse equipped to maintain the required environmental parameters, depending on the type of insect larvae used. The digestive treatment is carried out by means of metabolization trains (3), which comprise a plurality of horizontal surfaces, in the form of shelves or belts, stacked one on top of the other. Finally, a phase of drying (4) and sterilization of the organic matter, followed by separation and screening (5) gives rise to the fertilizer that can be dispatched outside the facilities. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2813444A1
    申请号:ES202031098
    申请日:2020-11-03
    公开日:2021-03-23
    发明作者:Martinez Javier Martinez
    申请人:Entobiz Solutions Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0002] ORUJERA ECOLOGICAL OR NATURAL
    [0004] The present invention, ecological or natural orujera, refers to a system for the utilization and elimination of alperujos, alpeorujos, alpechines, grape skins and other by-products and organic waste of different classifications, through the use of larval biomass of insects in facilities designed to its use on an industrial scale.
    [0006] It is for this reason that the object of the present invention will be of interest in the sector of the organic waste treatment industry and especially that related to the olive industry.
    [0008] STATE OF THE ART
    [0010] The object of the present invention is of special interest for the olive industry. This sector includes processing facilities for obtaining oil from olives, called oil mills, where a process of grinding olives is carried out, for the extraction and obtaining of their oils, which are highly valued for human consumption.
    [0012] Said activity generates a waste or vegetable by-product, in Spain called alperujo or alpeorujo, or called alpechín, when its water content is relevant.
    [0014] It is estimated that of each ton of olive, 70 to 80% is transformed into alperujo, so the volumes generated by this industry are high and its elimination or treatment can pose a serious environmental problem.
    [0016] The alperujo treatment is carried out by an industrial subsector known as Orujeras, being considered an industry with a high environmental impact, with quite polluting facilities, due to the process used, in which solvent products such as hexane, an aliphatic alkane hydrocarbon, are used. It is a colorless liquid, easily flammable and with a characteristic solvent odor that has toxic effects. The physiological effect is not due to the substance itself but to the products of its metabolization, especially 2,5-hexadione. This compound reacts with some essential amines for the functioning of nerve cells. Therefore, it is neurotoxic and also has an addictive and dangerous potential.
    [0018] For these reasons, olive oil industries have difficulties to establish themselves in the territory, which means that in some geographical areas there may be a lack of industrial capacity for the treatment of olive oil.
    [0020] The present invention presents a novel alternative to the traditional olive-oil industries, by recommending a procedure that does not use toxic products, so it can be considered ecological or natural.
    [0022] The implementation of alperujo treatment industries with the new process described in this invention will be more feasible, as it entails a lower environmental impact than traditional olive pomace plants.
    [0024] Due to the aforementioned, the present invention represents an improvement with respect to the industrial procedures used by the olive-oil industries, thus representing an advance in the State of the Art.
    [0026] DESCRIPTION
    [0028] This organic or natural olive oil mill, which is described below, consists of a system for the utilization and elimination of the alperujo or vegetable by-product from the olive oil milling or extraction processes in the olive mills, olive mills or similar industries. However, this system is applicable with slight variations to any other by-product or organic waste from other industries.
    [0030] For this reason, the system described provides a natural and biological solution for the treatment and recovery of alpeorujo, without appreciable environmental impact.
    [0032] The procedure of the present ecological or natural olive cake, comprises the use of insect larvae that eliminate in short cycles of time in a natural and biological way and in their entirety the olive oils within enclosures designed "ad hoc" and equipped with devices designed and built to carry out the elimination and transformation on an industrial scale in a controlled way at all stages of the process.
    [0034] The application of the system and processes of this organic or natural orujera, results in obtaining quality natural and ecological fertilizers and insect larvae with high levels of proteins, lipids and amino acids widely used in animal feed, agriculture and the pharmaceutical sector. All this starting from some alpeorujo, by-products and residues whose treatment would be very polluting by other procedures.
    [0036] The organic or natural olive oil thus converts alpeorujo into valuable products and raw materials, in a natural way and without environmental impact.
    [0038] The process of treating olive oil in the organic or natural olive oil, comprises different phases or tasks:
    [0040] o Reception of the alperujos. The alperujos are received in tanks, by means of a discharge system in the shape of a pond, pit, hopper or similar, equipped in turn with a transport system such as an endless screw or a solid, semi-solid or liquid pumping system. to the storage tanks.
    [0042] o Storage of alperujos. The alperujos are stored in tanks that can have the form of silos and incorporate filtering and stabilization media. Said stabilization can be aerobic or anaerobic and can incorporate metabolizing, degrading or non-degrading bacterial strains.
    [0044] o Extraction of sludge from alperujo deposits: The process has a system for the extraction of stabilized sludge, from the deposits, to be used as a diet for neonate insect larvae reared in a larval biomass development zone.
    [0046] o Regulation of the quantity of larvae. The quantity of larvae used in the process is regulated according to the mass of alperujo that is processed in the facility by means of a dispenser of larvae from the aforementioned area. development of larval biomass, or recovered by filtering the biomass produced in the treatment or biodigestion of alperujo.
    [0048] Structuring of the Metabolization Trains. In the metabolization trains is where the elimination by biodigestion of the alperujo takes place. These are structured by layers in height for the best use of the free space available in the building or biodigester building.
    [0050] Biomass extraction system. This system recovers the biomass produced in the treatment or biodigestion of the alperujo, with the cycle completed for its disposal and treatment.
    [0052] Filtering and recovery of the larvae, by means of a tromel, sieve, sieve or sieve for the separation of fertilizer from the excreta of the insect larvae from the larvae.
    [0054] Drying and sterilization of the waste, through a drying and sterilization tunnel, the biomass obtained is processed obtaining natural fertilizers and larvae in their maximum growth stage that can be commercialized after the next final stage.
    [0056] Storage, packaging and dispatch, through a storage system, and packaging and dispatch of the aforementioned natural fertilizers obtained in the process, as well as the larvae.
    [0057] With this process, the ecological and natural treatment of the alpeorujos is achieved, at the same time that a high quality natural fertilizer and larvae are obtained as raw material for their subsequent treatment.
    [0059] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0061] Next, a detailed description of the ecological or natural olive oil is made, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which, by way of a simple, non-limiting example, a preferred form of embodiment susceptible to all those variations of detail that does not involve a fundamental alteration of the essential characteristics of said improvements.
    [0063] These plans illustrate:
    [0065] In figure 1: Schematic view of an ecological or natural olive oil.
    [0067] In figure 2: Detail view of the metabolization trains of an ecological or natural olive oil.
    [0069] In figure 3: Perspective view of one of the metabolization trains of an ecological or natural olive oil.
    [0071] In figure 4: Perspective view of an installation for drying, sterilizing organic matter and slaughtering larval biomass from an ecological or natural olive oil mill.
    [0073] In figure 5: Elevation view of a lifting belt in the reception and storage area of raw material from an ecological or natural olive oil.
    [0075] In figure 6: Perspective view of a separation and screening facility for a fertilizer product obtained and larvae, from an ecological or natural olive oil.
    [0077] According to the example of execution shown, the ecological or natural olive oil consists in this specific example, in the installation of a manufacturing plant for the treatment of alpeorujo by means of larval biomass, obtaining a natural fertilizer as a residue. The insects are reared in full cycle in specific breeding centers.
    [0078] The aforementioned facility comprises a building (1) or industrial warehouse where the alpeorujo treatment process using larval biomass takes place, which comprises the following areas where the different stages take place:
    [0080] o Reception and storage (2) of raw materials.
    [0082] o Disposal of raw materials and larval biomass in Metabolization Trains (3).
    [0084] o Drying (4), sterilization of organic matter and sacrifice of larval biomass.
    [0085] o Separation and screening (5) of the fertilizer product obtained and packaged for dispatch outside the facilities.
    [0087] The aforementioned building (1) or industrial warehouse where the process takes place, is sized according to the amount of alpeorujo that is going to be treated, being also built according to the climatic requirements of the area, in terms of thickness of the enclosure panels and their insulating capacity. Likewise, with regard to the design and exterior appearance, it will try to adapt to the landscape environment and urban regulations that may be applicable.
    [0089] On the other hand, the production process must be carried out in a controlled and automated climate environment in such a way that the temperature, humidity, levels of CO2, ammonia, etc., are regulated according to a specific schedule for the best development of the different procedures biological that take place inside the facility.
    [0091] To this end, the installation has a control system equipped with different transducers for the different variables of the environmental conditions in the metabolization trains.
    [0093] The air is renewed through a filter system and in established periods.
    [0095] The plant can have alternative sources of energy supply: gas, photovoltaic, geothermal, depending on its location and access to supply points. Likewise, it can have a cogeneration facility with biogas from methanization digesters.
    [0096] The first area of the installation, the raw material reception and storage area (2), is made up of a reception pit-hopper, connected to a screw-auger or conveyor belt that transports the alperujo to a stabilization tank-hopper prior to their disposal in the next phase.
    [0098] The second area for the disposal of raw materials and larval biomass in trains, comprises a screw-auger or distribution belt, for transferring and depositing the alperujo in the metabolization trains (3), in a homogeneous way.
    [0100] The aforementioned metabolization trains are structured in columns of shelves, made up of tapes, stacked one on top of the other and said columns are replicated side by side, thus maximizing the use of available space, with shelves or tapes up to eighty meters high. length stacked in columns of up to twenty shelves in height, reaching up to six meters in height.
    [0102] Thus, the installation describes a procedure of biological characteristics with the help of a series of mechanical or industrial elements.
    [0104] The biological part consists of its own system for the rearing in a complete cycle on an industrial scale of the Black Soldier Fly (BSF) insect or Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia Illucens, which can be used for another insect known as Tenebrio Mollitor or Flour Worm, previously drying the by-products. or waste
    [0106] The aforementioned mechanical or industrial elements are a set of trays, tools, and metabolization trains (3) where the alperujo and the larvae are dosed in the neonatal state and the vital and environmental constants necessary to be able to complete the processes are maintained.
    [0108] The metabolization trains (3) are made up of a system of racks and / or conveyor belts that are superimposed on top of each other to obtain a greater biomass distribution surface and for maximum use of the space available at all times.
    [0110] These shelves or overlapping tapes may or may not share the same support structure and are calculated based on the weight they must support at their maximum load level.
    [0111] The structures can be made of galvanized sheet metal, stainless steel, plastic, wood or any material that supports the weights adequately.
    [0113] The tapes can be "blind" or perforated in different diameters or grooves whose size can be determined by the alperujo to be processed and the level where they are located, in the case of the use of shelves they are equipped with micro-perforated or porous synthetic mats that are placed on top of each level or shelf while they are "loaded" or dosed with the alperujo
    [0115] As an alternative for the distribution of the biomass in the metabolization trains (3), the different tape mats or biodigestion layers can be installed counterbalanced in such a way that the belt or mat above the train "discharges" onto the immediately lower belt or mat and so on until the end of the cycle.
    [0117] These belts or shelves arranged in opposing layers are equipped with different special elements such as plates or slats of variable height up to 40 cm in height that joined "forcibly" against each belt forms a kind of U-shaped shelf of up to 80 meters long where the alperujo is arranged.
    [0119] The installation also includes the following devices:
    [0121] o Moisture regulators by sections, using water sprayers and leachate recirculation
    [0123] o Hot or cold air diffusers in sections
    [0125] o Temperature and humidity probes using probes inside and outside the biomass.
    [0127] o Levellers of the volume and height of the biomass layer, using screeds.
    [0129] o Horizontal separating elements for compartmentalisation of train surfaces together with weighing scales.
    [0131] o Laser leveling systems
    [0133] o Sterilization tunnel
    [0135] o Cyclone or blower in the final stage of the process for drying the biomass before its screening or sieving.
    [0137] o Leachate collectors and collectors
    [0138] The metabolization trains (3) are arranged in a linear or transverse parallel manner, leaving between them an adjustable space of between 0.50 and 1 meter to allow the passage of a person or some specific machinery to carry out different operations and / or maintenance tasks. .
    [0140] Finally, the shape, materials and dimensions may be variable and in general, everything that is accessory and secondary, as long as it does not alter, change or modify the essentiality of the improvements that have been described.
    1
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1st.- Ecological or natural caterpillar, constituted by a system of utilization and elimination of a raw material formed by alperujos, alpeorujos, alpechines, grape skins and other by-products and organic residues of different classifications, through the use of larval biomass of insects, through a process that includes a treatment cycle of said raw material, which begins with a stage of reception and storage (2), followed by a stage of digestive treatment using larval biomass, which ends with the dispatch of a natural fertilizer as a product. obtained, together with larvae in their highest growth stage characterized in that the aforementioned process is carried out in a building (1) or industrial warehouse provided with means of thermal insulation, air renewal and filtering and controlled air conditioning of the environmental parameters of temperature , humidity, CO2 and ammonia levels, required, depending on the type of insect larvae used, where The facilities of the aforementioned raw material reception and storage stage (2) comprise a reception pit-hopper, connected by means of a screw-auger or conveyor belt with a deposit-hopper for stabilization of the raw material, prior to treatment. digestive system by means of larval biomass, which is carried out by means of metabolization trains (3), which comprise a plurality of elongated horizontal surfaces, in the form of shelves or ribbons, stacked one on top of the other as a shelf, where the aforementioned are homogeneously distributed raw materials with a larval biomass, by means of a screw-auger or a distribution belt, using in the process a plurality of metabolization trains (3), distributed in the available space, in parallel and aligned with each other, ending the process by means of a filtering and recovery of the larvae, by means of a tromel, sieve, sieve or sieve and a drying phase (4) and sterilization of the organic matter and the slaughter of the larval biomass from the metabolization trains (3) and that has not been filtered, followed by a phase of separation and screening (5) of a fertilizer product obtained and larvae, and their packaging for dispatch off-site.
    [2]
    2.- Ecological or natural caterpillar, according to the first claim, characterized in that the surface of the aforementioned shelves or tapes of the metabolization trains (3), is covered with micro-perforated or porous synthetic mats, renewed in each cycle of the treatment process of the alperujo, or by conveyor belts, provided with holes or grooves, sized according to the weight at its maximum load level.
    [3]
    3a.- Ecological or natural caterpillar, according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the surfaces of each level of the metabolization trains (3) are conveyor belts counterbalanced to each other, so that they discharge on those that are in the next lower level and so on until the lower level is reached.
    [4]
    4.- Ecological or natural caterpillar, according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the metabolization trains (3) have any of the following elements:
    o Moisture regulators by sections, using water sprayers and leachate recirculation
    o Hot or cold air diffusers in sections
    o Temperature and humidity probes using probes inside and outside the biomass.
    o Levellers of the volume and height of the biomass layer, using screeds.
    o Horizontal separating elements for compartmentalisation of train surfaces together with weighing scales.
    o Laser leveling systems.
    o Sterilization tunnel
    o Cyclone or blower in the final stage of the process for drying the biomass before its screening or sieving.
    o Leachate collectors and collectors.
    [5]
    5.- Ecological or natural caterpillar, according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the plant has alternative sources of energy supply: gas, photovoltaic, geothermal, depending on its location and access to supply points, together with a cogeneration facility with biogas from methanization digesters.
    [6]
    6.- Ecological or natural caterpillar, according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the shelves or belts of the metabolization trains (3), reach up to eighty meters in length, stacked in columns of twenty shelves or belts in height, reaching six meters in height.
    [7]
    7a.- Ecological or natural caterpillar, according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that it has a larval biomass development zone connected to an extraction channel for the stabilized sludge from the alperujo deposits, used as a diet for the neonate insect larvae.
    [8]
    8a.- Ecological or natural caterpillar, according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that it comprises a mechanism for regulating the amount of larvae in the biomass of the shelves or belts of the metabolization trains, by adding new larvae or from of the mentioned zone of development of the larval biomass and by recovery by means of the filtering of the biomass produced in the treatment or biodigestion of the alperujo.
    1
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2813444B2|2021-07-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2103206A1|1995-12-27|1997-08-16|Hidalgo Cicuendez Arturo|Industrial process for the treatment, recycling and conversion of olive juice and olive waste into pure organic fertilizers|
    ES2110912A1|1996-01-17|1998-02-16|Moreno Angel Garcia|Integral process for the industrial utilization of the bitter waste liquid from olive pressing and its purification in oil mills and centres for purifying the two phases resulting from olive oil extraction|
    KR101339105B1|2013-05-16|2013-12-09|주식회사 누리|An automatical conveyor system for mass food waste using bsf|
    ES2545278A1|2014-03-07|2015-09-09|Alejandro BLANCO TORRES|Plant and process for the treatment of by-products derived from the extraction of virgin olive oil |
    JP2020028822A|2018-08-21|2020-02-27|株式会社アグリオリーブ小豆島|Method for treatment of olive pomace|
    法律状态:
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